@MastersThesis{Silva:2018:TrFlDi,
author = "Silva, Alindomar Lacerda",
title = "Transi{\c{c}}{\~a}o florestal e din{\^a}mica de uso e cobertura
da terra no centro-sul paulista",
school = "Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)",
year = "2018",
address = "S{\~a}o Jos{\'e} dos Campos",
month = "2018-04-18",
keywords = "uso e cobertura da terra, mudan{\c{c}}as de uso e cobertura da
terra (MUCT), transi{\c{c}}{\~a}o florestal, m{\'e}tricas de
paisagem, regenera{\c{c}}{\~a}o, reflorestamento, land use and
land cove change (LUCC), transi{\c{c}}{\~a}o florestal, forest
transition, landscape metrics, regeneration, reforestation.",
abstract = "Mudan{\c{c}}as de uso e cobertura da terra s{\~a}o processos
complexos, dos quais a perda e eventual recupera{\c{c}}{\~a}o da
cobertura florestal s{\~a}o dois elementos de reconhecida
import{\^a}ncia. O Sensoriamento Remoto, neste sentido, se
caracteriza como importante ferramenta para investigar processos
como esses, e quando combinado com estat{\'{\i}}sticas
demogr{\'a}ficas e agr{\'{\i}}colas tem sido utilizado para
examinar associa{\c{c}}{\~o}es entre a varia{\c{c}}{\~a}o da
cobertura florestal e outros processos. A teoria de
transi{\c{c}}{\~a}o florestal tem por objeto essas
varia{\c{c}}{\~o}es quando ocorrem aumentos da cobertura
florestal em regi{\~o}es que passaram por processos de
desflorestamento persistentes. O bioma Mata Atl{\^a}ntica, que
foi submetido {\`a} convers{\~a}o de florestas para a
agricultura resultando na perda da quase totalidade de sua
cobertura florestal original, atualmente apresenta
ind{\'{\i}}cios de recupera{\c{c}}{\~a}o florestal em algumas
{\'a}reas. Nesse contexto, os objetivos deste estudo foram (1)
examinar a hip{\'o}tese de transi{\c{c}}{\~a}o florestal em uma
{\'a}rea da regi{\~a}o centro-sul do estado de S{\~a}o Paulo,
em que {\'e} observada uma expressiva expans{\~a}o de
cana-de-a{\c{c}}{\'u}car e silvicultura; e (2) investigar a
associa{\c{c}}{\~a}o das mudan{\c{c}}as de uso e cobertura da
terra na regi{\~a}o e transforma{\c{c}}{\~o}es de larga escala
da paisagem com base na combina{\c{c}}{\~a}o de imagens de
sat{\'e}lites, dados censit{\'a}rios e m{\'e}tricas de
paisagem. Foram utilizadas 21 imagens dos sat{\'e}lites Landsat
entre 1973 e 2017 e desenvolvida uma metodologia para identificar
e quantificar perdas e ganhos de {\'a}reas de fisionomia
florestal, discriminando-se tamb{\'e}m fragmentos remanescentes,
de florestas secund{\'a}rias (regenera{\c{c}}{\~a}o) e
plantadas comerciais (silvicultura ou reflorestamento) e
calculando-se m{\'e}tricas de paisagem para fragmentos de
florestas remanescentes e secund{\'a}rias. Dados dos censos
agr{\'{\i}}colas de 1995 e 2006 foram analisados para
identificar os principais usos agr{\'{\i}}colas e investigar
mudan{\c{c}}as em {\'a}reas de pastagens,
cana-de-a{\c{c}}{\'u}car, produtos da silvicultura e culturas
permanentes. os resultados do trabalho revelaram que a cobertura
florestal total (incluindo as florestas remanescentes, as
florestas secund{\'a}rias e as florestas plantadas) correspondeu
a 19.9% da {\'a}rea de estudo no per{\'{\i}}odo de 1995-2005
(per{\'{\i}}odo I) e 23.6% em 2006-2013 (per{\'{\i}}odo II); a
s{\'e}rie temporal de imagens cobrindo o per{\'{\i}}odo de 1973
a 2017 foi utilizada para elucidar d{\'u}vidas na
discrimina{\c{c}}{\~a}o das {\'a}reas de floresta. As florestas
plantadas contribu{\'{\i}}ram com a maior parte dos ganhos de
cobertura florestal, com aumento de 180% entre 1995 e 2013,
alcan{\c{c}}ando 195.300 ha ou 7.8% da {\'a}rea de estudo em
2013. A an{\'a}lise da distribui{\c{c}}{\~a}o espacial dos
fragmentos revelou que cerca de metade dos fragmentos
remanescentes e de regenera{\c{c}}{\~a}o eram observados a menos
de 50 m dos corpos d{\'a}gua, sugerindo que a
preserva{\c{c}}{\~a}o e recupera{\c{c}}{\~a}o das matas de
galeria pode melhorar a conectividade entre fragmentos. A
an{\'a}lise dos censos mostrou que a {\'a}rea de
cana-de-a{\c{c}}{\'u}car cresceu em 26,5% nos
munic{\'{\i}}pios da {\'a}rea de estudo e sua
produ{\c{c}}{\~a}o (quantidade de toneladas mo{\'{\i}}das)
29%, enquanto a de pastagens diminu{\'{\i}}u em 23% e a de
culturas permanentes, como laranja, tangerina e lima, em 32,4%. A
xii combina{\c{c}}{\~a}o de dados de sensoriamento remoto e de
Censos mostrou que as transforma{\c{c}}{\~o}es da paisagem
apresentaram um padr{\~a}o de expans{\~a}o da silvicultura na
por{\c{c}}{\~a}o sul e centro sul da {\'a}rea de estudo,
principalmente nos munic{\'{\i}}pios de Pardinho, Paranapanema e
S{\~a}o Miguel Arcanjo, onde se concentrou o crescimento de
{\'a}reas de cobertura florestal, e um padr{\~a}o de
expans{\~a}o de {\'a}reas de cana de a{\c{c}}{\'u}car no norte
e centro-norte da {\'a}rea de estudo, onde processos de
regenera{\c{c}}{\~a}o e reflorestamento foram marginais.
ABSTRACT: Land use and land cover changes are complex processes,
among which loss and recovery of forest cover represent two
aspects of recognized importance. Remote Sensing, in this sense,
remote sensing make up an important set of tool to investigate
such changes, which, in combination with demographic and
agricultural statistics has been used to examine associations
between forest cover variation and other processes. The Forest
Transition Theory has as its object such variations in the case of
net increases in Forest cover in regions of previously persistent
deforestation. The Brazilian Atlantic Forest biome, which has been
subjected to continuous forest conversion to agriculture resulting
in the loss of nearly all of its original forest cover, is
presently showing evidence of forest recovery in some areas. In
this context, the objectives of this study were (1) to examine the
hypothesis of forest transition in an area in south-central
S{\~a}o Paulo State, where significant expansion of sugarcane and
also silviculture has been observed; and (2) to investigate the
association of changes in land use and land cover in the region
and large scale landscape transformations based on the combination
of satellite images, census data and landscape metrics. A series
of 21 Landsat images from 1973 to 2017 were used and a methodology
was developed to identify and quantify areas presenting forest
physiognomy, and to differentiate Atlantic Forest (AF) remnants,
fragments of secondary forests (regeneration), and commercial
forest plantations (silviculture). In addition, landscape metrics
for fragments of remaining and secondary forests were calculated.
Data from the 1995 and 2006 agricultural censuses were analyzed to
single out main agricultural uses and investigate changes in
pasture, sugarcane, forestry products and permanent crops. Results
show that total forest cover accounted for 19.9% of the study area
in 1995-2005 (period I) and 23.6% in 2006-2013 (period II),
including AF remnants, forest regeneration and commercial forest
plantations; the image time-series from 1973 to 2017 was used to
elucidate doubts in the discrimination of forest areas. Commercial
forest plantations contributed to the greatest share of forest
cover gains, with a 180% increase between 1995 and 2013, reaching
195,300 ha or 7.8% of the study area in 2013. The analysis of
forest fragments spatial distribution revealed that about half of
remnant and regeneration fragments occurred within 50 m of the
water bodies, suggesting that the preservation and recovery of
riparian vegetation can improve connectivity among fragments.
Analysis of Census data showed that sugarcane areas grew by 26.5%
in the municipalities of the study area and total sugarcane
production increased by 29%, while pasture areas decreased by 23%
and permanent crops, such as orange, mandarin and lime, by 32.4%.
The combination of remotely sensing and census data showed that
the landscape transformations presented a pattern of silviculture
expansion in the south and southwestern portions of the study
area, mainly in the xiv municipalities of Pardinho, Paranapanema
and S{\~a}o Miguel Arcanjo, and a pattern of sugarcane expansion
in the north and northeast portion of the study area, where
processes of regeneration and reforestation were marginal.",
committee = "Sanches, Ieda Del'Arco (presidente) and Alves, Di{\'o}genes Salas
(orientador) and Ferreira, Matheus Pinheiro (orientador) and
K{\"o}rting, Thales Sehn and Silva, Ramon Felipe Bicudo da",
englishtitle = "Forest transition and land use/cover dynamics in south-central
S{\~a}o Paulo",
language = "pt",
pages = "122",
ibi = "8JMKD3MGP3W34R/3QNAT3P",
url = "http://urlib.net/ibi/8JMKD3MGP3W34R/3QNAT3P",
targetfile = "publicacao.pdf",
urlaccessdate = "27 abr. 2024"
}